Plants take up zinc as the divalent ionic form (Zn2+) and chelated-zinc. agriculture Review The Critical Role of Zinc in Plants Facing the Drought Stress Muhammad Umair Hassan 1, Muhammad Aamer 1, Muhammad Umer Chattha 2, Tang Haiying 1, Babar Shahzad 3, Lorenzo Barbanti 4, Muhammad Nawaz 5, Adnan Rasheed 6, Aniqa Afzal 7, Ying Liu 1 and Huang Guoqin 1,* 1 Research Centre on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang … Zinc has many important roles in plant growth, and a constant and continuous supply is necessary for opti-mum growth and maximum yields. Following are the various other roles of zinc in plants; 1. production of auxin, an essential growth hormone 2. regulates starch formation and proper root development 3. Growth and development would stop if specific enzymes were not present in plant tissue. REVIEW New Phytol. Plants Introduction The major causes for micronutrient deficiencies are intensified agricultural practices, unbalanced fertilizer application including NPK, depletion of nutrients and no replenishment. Zinc is plant micronutrient which is involved in many physiological functions its inadequate supply will reduce crop yields. Zinc and boron play a vital role in increasing grain yield of wheat because zinc and boron take place in many physiological process of plant such as chlorophyll formation, stomatal regulation, starch utilization which enhance grain yield of wheat [17]. Zinc is involved in numerous aspects of cellular metabolism. Zinc deficiency is one of the most widespread micronutrient deficiencies in plants and causes severe reductions in crop production. Zinc (Zn) is an element with a bipartite influence on living systems. It is required for the catalytic activity of approximately 100 enzymes [1,2] and it plays a role in immune function [3,4], protein synthesis , wound healing , DNA synthesis [2,4], and cell division . Department of Botany, University of Nottingham *Boots Pure Drug Co. Ltd., Research Department, Bacteriological Division, Oakfields Road, West Bridgford, Nottingham. Zinc is also a part of several other enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, which prevents oxidative stress in plant cells. Zinc deficiency is the most wide spread micronutrient deficiency problem, almost all crops and calcareous, sandy soils, peat soils, and soils with high phosphorus and silicon are expected to be deficient. A lack of zinc has been linked to reduced seed formation. Zinc is needed for a plant’s enzyme formation and associated with hormone (indole acetic acid) formation. Zinc also converts ammonia to nitrate in The role of zinc in the plant. Horticultural crops suffer widely by zinc deficiency followed by boron, manganese, copper, iron (mostly induced) and Mo deficiencies. NaCl reduced the shoot growth of plants in Zn 2 mg kg-1 soil conditions at greater rates than the plants in Zn 10 mg kg-1 soil (Figure 3). Zinc is an important component of various enzymes that are responsible for driving many metabolic reactions in all crops. 111 Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species ISMAIL CAKMAK Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey (fax ›90 322 3386747; e-mail cakmak!mail.cu.edu.tr) Received 20 August 1999; accepted 6 January 2000 These results indicated the protective role of high Zn supply against salt stress-dependent decreases in growth. C2H2 zinc finger proteins form a relatively large family of transcriptional regulators in plants. carbohydrates in these plants. (2000), 146, 185–205 Tansley Review No. Shoot Zn concentrations of the plants were much Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative damage to critical There are a number of physiological impairments in Zn-deficient cells causing inhibition of the growth, differentiation and development of plants. When its availability drops below the critical level (2 μg/kg), deficiency symptoms manifest, while, on the other hand, Zn toxicity would be inevitable for the plants living in the was recorded when no spray was used.

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